| Prototype | Jsc (mA cm⁻²) | Voc (V) | FF (%) | PCE (%) | |-----------|---------------|--------|--------|----------| | TiO₂‑Ag | 22.8 | 0.92 | 78 | | | Cu₂ZnSnS₄‑Au | 24.1 | 0.95 | 81 | 18.5 | | Perovskite‑Graphene | 25.4 | 1.03 | 85 | 22.3 |