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NIP-activity, motor planning, prefrontal cortex, readiness potential, volitional action
| Phenomenon | Differentiating Feature | |-------------|--------------------------| | Reflexive action | No preceding NIP-activity; latency <100 ms | | Spontaneous neural oscillations | Lacks temporal coupling to upcoming movement | | Movement execution | Occurs after NIP-activity; includes M1 burst and EMG | | Anticipatory attention | Lacks specific motor parameter encoding | | Error-related negativity (ERN) | Post-response; not preparatory |
Imbalances in NIP-activity have been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including: