Desuarchive rose from the ashes of the legendary Warosu (formerly Foolz) archive. It has a clean, fast interface and is community-maintained. For most general-purpose 4chan archive searches, start here.
If you are looking to navigate the history of the "internets' tailpipe," here is everything you need to know about 4chan archive search tools and how to use them effectively. The Problem with 4chan’s Native Search 4chan archive search