Individuals with a history of violence or those who take pleasure in causing harm to others.
Ganganatha Jha’s translation states: 3. Key Subjects for Banishment The verse targets specific groups deemed social disruptors: manusmriti chapter 9 verse 225
Refers to those following non-Vedic traditions (historically including Buddhists or Jains). Their presence was seen as a threat to the Vedic religious order. Individuals with a history of violence or those
: The verse identifies six groups deemed disruptive: Their presence was seen as a threat to
Once, in a prosperous kingdom, there lived a King who took great pride in his capital city. However, despite the city's wealth, the King noticed a growing shadow of unrest. Neighbors were fighting over unpaid bets, and the local taverns were filled with men who had abandoned their duties. Strange sects were preaching against the common good, and a group of travelers had set up a fraudulent gambling den that was bankrupting honest merchants.
These are individuals who have abandoned their lawful duties in favor of entirely forbidden occupations. Liquor Vendors/Drunkards ( Śauṇḍikān